Chief Justice John Roberts put a hold on lower court rulings in a dispute over whether DOGE is a federal agency subject to freedom of information requests.

The Trump administration argues DOGE is a presidential advisory body so is exempt from the nation's premier public disclosure law.

The Supreme Court granted an emergency application filed by the Trump administration, which argued that it has sole authority over immigration disputes such as the Temporary Protected Status of Venezuelans living in the United States. The Supreme Court ruling is a major victory for the Trump administration.

Kagan disagreed with the other justices who voted in favor of Trump, citing 90 years of precedent with Humphrey's Executor v. United States, which she said "undergirds a significant feature of American governance: Bipartisan administrative bodies carrying out expertise-based functions with a measure of independence from presidential control."