Building logic gates out of silicon is old hat, as is building them from discrete transistors, 555 chips, LEGO, and even gears. [Yukio-Pegio Gunji] and [Yuta Nishiyama] from Kobe University ...

Logic gates have one or two 0 or 1 inputs but only one 0 or 1 output as in the following examples. Transistors make up gates, gates make up circuits, and circuits make up electronic systems.

Industrial automation technologies have made manufacturing processes increasingly more efficient. Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are commonly used in industrial automation, and many of these ...

Contacts can be normally open or closed and in series or parallel to form AND and OR gates, for example, while coils can activate contacts. In industry, ladder logic is well understood, and PLCs ...

Any typical digital design style with CMOS uses complementary pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFETs for logic functions implementation ... 1 NAND inverting gate and AND non-inverting gate Standard CMOS ...