Rust has another way of wintering. When the weather begins to get cold in the north, the fungus produces black, cold-proof spores. These spend the winter on straw or stubble.

THE last few seasons have been notable for attacks of black or stem rust (Puccinia graminis) on cereals in the south-east of Scotland. The rust was particularly widespread and severe in 1947. It ...

As new agricultural areas opened across Australia, wheat became our primary crop and eventually an export commodity.

Since then, stem rust has been observed at several locations, generally affecting just one to two plants in each case. But this all changed last summer when it was the most widespread since 1955.

Effect of Light on Urediniospores of Black Stem Rust of Wheat, Puccinia graminis tritici W. A. R. DILLON WESTON 1 Nature volume 128 , pages 67–68 ( 1931 ) Cite this article ...

There are several measures that farmers can take to protect their wheat crops from stem rust disease, which is on the brink of re-establishing itself in UK fields. Conditions have become more ...